Pei Cao
Pei Cao
 

Pei Cao

VP of Engineering @ YouTube Inc.
California

I'm a computer scientist who has had the good fortune to build systems used by billions of people every day. Along the way, I discovered new algorithms and techniques and wrote papers about them so others could use them too.

What I Do

I'm a computer scientist and programmer. I work with a team of engineers to build and improve computer systems used in YouTube and Google.

Why STEM?

In middle school, I got into knitting. When a sweater that was just in my mind became a reality, I felt a huge sense of satisfaction. That's when I realized I loved building things.


I also loved solving math problems. Algebra and calculus are elegant and beautiful to me. Figuring out the puzzle that leads to a proof gives me a sense of accomplishment.


I combined these two loves and chose Computer Science.

School Days

Iwent to Tsinghua University in China for my undergraduate degree, one of the top technical universities in the world. I spent two years in the Applied Math Department before switching to Computer Science. For graduate school, I went to Princeton University and earned my PhD in Computer Science.

Best Part

Using my skills to build computer systems that serve people around the world.  For example, in the early days of the World Wide Web (around 1995), there weren't enough cables to provide network bandwidth to ship information to people visiting websites. A technique called "caching" helped solve this. My team and I built caching servers that companies and network providers installed to make it easier for people to access websites.

Proud Moments

Being elected to the National Academy of Engineering. I was shocked when it happened. I never felt I had done enough to merit this recognition, and I still feel humbled when I look at other NAE members.

Challenges

Graduate school was tough. In my third year, I couldn't find a thesis topic and felt very discouraged. I seriously considered quitting, so I wrote to my late father in Zhengzhou, China. He wrote back saying that even though a PhD might not help me get a better job than a Master's degree, the training in research would benefit me for life. Looking back, he was right. I was lucky to get his encouragement.

My Advice

Don't believe the stereotype that coding is a loner's activity with a whiz kid typing alone in a basement. In reality, it's highly social. You read programs other people wrote and try to understand them. You make sure your programs are clear for others to understand. In engineering teams, teamwork is essential—if you review my code changes, I'll review yours. If I help you fix a bug at midnight, I'll text you on weekends when I need help too.

Don't let the idea that "coding is anti-social" discourage you from pursuing computer science.

Volunteer Opportunities

I am willing to be contacted by educators for possible speaking engagements in schools or in after school programs or summer camps., I am willing to be interviewed by interested students via email.
Engineering Careers

Engineering Careers

Computer and Information Research Scientists

Areas Of Interest

Communications Computers

Overcoming Doubt

As a computer programmer, I used to feel inadequate whenever I worked with someone who wrote programs much faster than I could. It took me a long time to realize that everyone has unique strengths, and career success comes in all shapes and sizes. Even though I'm not a 10x programmer, I still enjoy what I do. In the end, the fun in coding is what matters!

Making Connections

As a graduate student in the early 1990s, I was lucky to be a member of Systers, the first network for women in computer science started by the late Dr. Anita Borg. Systers opened my eyes to career opportunities in computer science. It showed me I wasn't alone, that impressive women had paved the way for women engineers to thrive in the computer industry. Throughout my career, I make sure to be part of women engineer groups wherever I work. If my workplace doesn't have one, I start one. These fellow women computer engineers provide critical emotional support as I navigate the ups and downs at work. In return, I mentor and sponsor junior engineers to contribute back to this community.

K-12 STEM Opportunities

Engineering or technology class

STEM Learning Opportunities

Independent study (self-teaching), Public university, Internship, Private University

Undergraduate Certification

A Bachelor’s Degree

Undergraduate Field

Engineering

Associate Bachelor Major

Computer Science

Graduate Degrees

Doctorate or Ph.D.

Graduate Field

Engineering

Previous Role Employed

Educator or Professor, Engineer, Manager, Scientist